This project investigated the availability and use of generic models for bark beetles and wood boring pests, including the Emerald Ash Borer (EAB) and the Bronze Birch Borer (BBB).    Using a systematic review of existing literature, different modelling approaches were identified. Interestingly, there were over 1650 articles on modelling approaches for EAB but none for BBB. The different models were used to help illustrate how modelling can be used to prepare for a potential invasion in terms of assessing areas most vulnerable to establishment following introduction and how rapidly spread might occur following establishment.  It also highlighted areas of biology that are needed to improve the models and how such models might be combined to assess the duel threat of EAB and ash dieback.

Image: Agrilus planipennis (Emerald ash borer); adult beetle with elytra raised and dark wings visible ©David Cappaert/Bugwood.org - CC BY-NC 3.0 US